glycosyl的音標是[?ɡl?k??z?l],基本翻譯是糖基。記憶技巧:glycosyl是糖基的英文翻譯,其中glyco-表示“糖”。
Glycosyl這個詞來源于希臘語詞根glykos,意為“甜”或“糖”。這個詞的主要變化形式是形容詞glycosal,意為“糖的”或“含糖的”。
相關單詞:
1. glycosylation(糖基化):一種生物化學過程,涉及將糖連接到蛋白質或其他生物分子上。
2. glycosaminoglycan(糖胺聚糖):一種重要的生物聚合物,廣泛存在于細胞外基質中,具有多種生物功能。
3. glycogen(糖原):一種儲存形式的糖,主要存在于肝臟和肌肉中,用于在需要時快速提供能量。
4. glycolysis(糖酵解):一個代謝過程,將葡萄糖分解為乳酸,是細胞能量生成的主要途徑之一。
5. glycoside(糖苷):一種由糖和另一種化合物(通常是生物堿或其他有機化合物)通過氧原子連接形成的化合物。
6. glyceryl(甘油):一種有機化合物,是許多天然油脂和保濕劑的主要成分。
7. glycogenin(糖原合成酶):一種酶,在糖原合成過程中起關鍵作用。
8. glycobiology(糖生物學):一門研究糖在生命過程中的作用的學科。
9. glycans(糖分子):包括單糖、寡糖、多糖等,是生物分子的重要組成部分。
10. glycosylation disorder(糖基化異常):一種疾病,由于蛋白質在細胞內錯誤地糖基化而引起,與多種疾病有關。
以上這些單詞都與“glycosyl”這個英文詞源密切相關,涵蓋了生物學、化學和醫學等多個領域。
常用短語:
1. glycosylation
2. glycosyltransferase
3. glycosaminoglycan
4. O-glycosylation
5. N-glycosylation
6. sialylation
7. fucosylation
例句:
1. The protein glycosylation plays an important role in cell growth and differentiation.
2. Glycosyltransferase catalyzes the transfer of a sugar moiety to a protein or lipid.
3. Heparan sulfate is a kind of glycosaminoglycan that is widely distributed in tissues.
4. The N-glycosylation site of a protein is usually located in the amino acid sequence near the C-terminus.
5. Sialylation is an important modification of glycoproteins and glycolipids in the body.
6. Fucosylation is an essential process in the development and function of the immune system.
英文小作文:
Glycosylation is an essential process in cell biology, which involves the attachment of sugars to proteins and lipids. It plays a crucial role in many biological processes, such as cell signaling, growth, and differentiation. Glycosylation can occur on both the O-linkage and N-linkage of proteins, leading to various types of glycans, including glycosaminoglycans, fucosylation, sialylation, and O-glycosylation. These modifications provide cells with a rich source of information about their environment and allow them to adapt to changes in their microenvironment. Understanding glycosylation and its role in health and disease is becoming increasingly important for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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