fouled的音標是[?f?ld]，基本翻譯是“弄臟，弄亂；犯規”。速記技巧可以是：foot+old（舊的）→foot老了，變臟了→fouled（弄臟）。

fouled這個詞的詞源可以追溯到古英語單詞“foulen”，意為“弄臟，弄污”。它的變化形式包括過去式“fouled”和現在分詞“fouling”。

相關單詞：

1. foul - 動詞，意為“犯規”，來源于fouled，表示故意弄臟或弄污的行為。

2. foul play - 意為“犯規行為”，來源于fouling play，表示故意犯規的行為。

3. foul smell - 意為“惡臭”，來源于foul smelling air，表示空氣中的污濁氣味。

4. foul language - 意為“臟話”，來源于dirty language，表示不禮貌或粗俗的語言。

5. foul weather - 意為“惡劣天氣”，來源于bad weather，表示天氣狀況不佳。

6. foul ball - 意為“壞球”，來源于bad ball，表示比賽中被判為不公正的球。

7. foul footpath - 意為“違規小路”，來源于foul footway，表示違反規定的道路。

8. foul play in sport - 意為“運動中的不正當行為”，來源于unsportsmanlike behavior，表示運動員在比賽中故意犯規的行為。

9. foul weather gear - 意為“惡劣天氣裝備”，來源于foul weather clothing，表示專門為惡劣天氣準備的衣物或裝備。

10. foul up - 意為“搞砸”，來源于foul up a job，表示做某事失敗或出錯。

以上這些單詞都與fouled這個詞源有關，它們在不同的語境中表達了不同的含義和用法。

常用短語：

1. foul language

2. foul smell

3. foul play

4. foul up

5. foul weather

6. foul up one"s reputation

7. foul the nest

例句：

1. He was fined for using foul language in public.

2. The food had a foul smell and nobody wanted to eat it.

3. The referee"s foul play caused a lot of controversy.

4. The storm was foul up my plans for the day.

5. His actions have furred up his reputation with his colleagues.

6. The dog fouled the garden and we had to clean it up.

7. They were accused of foul up their intelligence by making a mistake in their calculations.

英文小作文：

Foul weather can be a real pain, especially when you have plans to go out. However, it can also be a reminder of the importance of cleanliness and hygiene, as dirty environments can lead to diseases and infections. Therefore, we should always be mindful of keeping our environment clean and tidy, even when we are not feeling well ourselves.