extrinsic的音標(biāo)為[?k?str?ns?z]，基本翻譯為“外在的；非本質(zhì)的”，速記技巧為“外因”或“非內(nèi)在”。

extrinsic這個(gè)詞的詞源可以追溯到拉丁語(yǔ)，意為“外在的，外來(lái)的”。它的詞形變化形式主要包括復(fù)數(shù)extrinsecus和副詞形式extrinsically。

相關(guān)單詞：

1. extrinsic motivation（外在動(dòng)機(jī)）：指由外部因素驅(qū)動(dòng)的動(dòng)力，而非由內(nèi)在興趣或自我實(shí)現(xiàn)需求驅(qū)動(dòng)。

2. extrinsic reward（外在獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)）：與內(nèi)在獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)相對(duì)，通常由外部因素提供，如工資或表?yè)P(yáng)。

3. extrinsic factor（外在因素）：指環(huán)境、社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)等因素，與個(gè)體內(nèi)在特質(zhì)或能力相對(duì)。

4. extrinsic learning（外在學(xué)習(xí)）：指通過觀察、模仿或接受外部指導(dǎo)而獲得的知識(shí)或技能。

5. extrinsic motivation（外驅(qū)力）：指由外部獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)或懲罰驅(qū)動(dòng)的動(dòng)力。

6. extrinsic value（外在價(jià)值）：指事物因外部認(rèn)可或評(píng)價(jià)而具有的價(jià)值，而非其內(nèi)在價(jià)值。

7. extrinsic emotion（外在情感）：指情感反應(yīng)受到外部因素的影響，如社會(huì)期望、他人的評(píng)價(jià)等。

8. extrinsic reward system（外在獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)系統(tǒng)）：指以外部獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)為導(dǎo)向的系統(tǒng)，通常與內(nèi)在獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)系統(tǒng)相對(duì)。

9. extrinsic motivation theory（外在動(dòng)機(jī)理論）：一種動(dòng)機(jī)理論，強(qiáng)調(diào)外部因素對(duì)個(gè)體行為的影響。

以上這些單詞都與extrinsic這個(gè)詞源密切相關(guān)，它們?cè)诓煌恼Z(yǔ)境中描述了外在因素對(duì)個(gè)體行為、情感和學(xué)習(xí)的不同影響。

常用短語(yǔ)：

1. extrinsic motivation

2. extrinsic reward

3. external pressure

4. extrinsic factors

5. external factors

6. extrinsic incentives

7. extrinsic motivation vs intrinsic motivation

例句：

1. She resorted to extrinsic rewards to encourage her students to study hard.

2. The teacher used external pressure to make the students pay attention to their studies.

3. The extrinsic factors in the job market are becoming increasingly challenging.

4. The company"s extrinsic incentives are designed to motivate employees to work harder.

5. Extrinsic motivation can be helpful in the short term, but it"s not sustainable in the long run.

6. The intrinsic and extrinsic rewards of a job are crucial for career satisfaction.

英文小作文：

Extrinsic vs Intrinsic Motivation

Motivation is essential for success in life and work, but there are two types of motivation: extrinsic and intrinsic. Extrinsic motivation refers to motivation that comes from external sources, such as rewards or recognition, while intrinsic motivation comes from within and is driven by interests, passions, and personal fulfillment.

Extrinsic motivation can be helpful in the short term, but it can also lead to dependency and lack of sustainability. On the other hand, intrinsic motivation is more likely to lead to true engagement and long-term commitment, as it is rooted in personal fulfillment and happiness. Therefore, it is important to strike a balance between the two types of motivation and encourage employees, students, and ourselves to find our true sources of motivation and fulfillment.