catheter的音標是["k?θ?t?(r)]，基本翻譯是導管，速記技巧是“卡西他兒”有助于快速記憶。

Catheter的英文詞源可以追溯到拉丁語中的“cathector”，意為導管或管道。其變化形式包括名詞catheter（導管）和形容詞catheteric（導管的）。

相關單詞：

Fiber-optic catheter（光纖導光導管）：一種用于醫療診斷和治療的導管，利用光纖傳輸光束，可以照亮人體內部組織，進行診斷和治療。

Balloon catheter（氣球導管）：一種用于擴張血管或器官的導管，通過充氣來擴張目標部位。

Urinary catheter（尿道導管）：用于留置尿液的導管，常用于尿潴留或需要長期導尿的患者。

Puncture catheter（穿刺導管）：用于醫學影像學檢查中，如超聲或X光檢查時，進行穿刺操作的導管。

Swan-Ganz catheter（斯旺-甘茲導管）：一種特殊的導管，用于監測呼吸衰竭和循環衰竭等嚴重疾病的患者。

Peripheral catheter（周圍導管）：指插入身體周圍血管的導管，如靜脈導管。

Intravascular catheter（血管內導管）：指插入血管內的導管，用于輸送藥物、測量血液參數或引導手術操作。

Endotracheal catheter（氣管內導管）：用于氣管插管手術中，連接呼吸機的導管，幫助患者呼吸。

Transurethral catheter（尿道膀胱腔內導管）：用于尿道膀胱手術中，連接手術器械的導管，幫助手術操作。

以上這些相關單詞都說明了catheter這個詞在醫療領域中的廣泛應用和重要性。

常用短語：

1. urinary catheter 尿道導管

2. central venous catheter 中心靜脈導管

3. nasogastric catheter 鼻胃管

4. chest tube 胸腔引流管

5. arterial catheter 動脈導管

6. endotracheal catheter 氣管導管

7. intravenous catheter 靜脈導管

例句：

1. The patient is currently being kept under observation with a urinary catheter inserted.

2. The patient was admitted with a central venous catheter inserted for treatment of septic shock.

3. The doctor inserted a nasogastric catheter into the patient"s nose to alleviate his nausea and vomiting.

4. The chest tube was inserted during surgery to drain the patient"s pleural effusion.

5. The patient"s blood pressure remained unstable, so an arterial catheter was inserted for continuous monitoring of blood pressure.

6. The patient was intubated and placed on a ventilator after suffering from respiratory failure due to pneumonia.

7. The patient received intravenous fluids through a peripheral intravenous catheter.

英文小作文：

Catheterization is a common medical procedure used in various parts of the body to provide access for various purposes such as monitoring, treatment, or drainage. Urinary catheters are commonly used to drain urine from the bladder, while central venous catheters are inserted into the large veins to provide access for IV fluids and medications. Nasogastric catheters are used to provide access for feeding or decompression of the stomach, while chest tubes are inserted to drain fluid from the pleural cavity after surgery or trauma.

Catheterization plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of various conditions, and it is essential to ensure proper insertion and care of the catheters to avoid complications such as infection or bleeding. Understanding the various types of catheters and their uses is crucial for effective patient care.